Research Key

Production of biogas as a heating resource for local domestic use: How we can generate bio-gas for our domestic use?

Project Details

Department
ENGINEERING
Project ID
EG016
Price
5000XAF
International: $20
No of pages
50
Instruments/method
E
Reference
YES
Analytical tool
E
Format
 MS Word & PDF
Chapters
1-5

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ABSTRACT

 

Nowadays, heating and electricity is an essential resource to carry out daily tasks, which is why it is so precious. Unfortunately, global energy consumption has significantly increased these last 10years; it is also becoming increasingly costly for the economy and for the environment.

Researchers have tried to replace fossil fuels by renewable energies, which are less costly and more environmentally friendly. Yet, fossil fuels remain the most widely used resource in the world.

Among the renewable energies, we have biogas as a bio energy. This is an entirely natural resource produced by the fermentation of organic waste with the help of biological tools such as bacteria in a digester.

The objective of my project is to produce biogas as a heating resource for local domestic use, based on the available biomass resources. To realize this, I will be designing a digester that will fit with the local cold environment of and the nature of the nature of the biomass at local community needs of energy and heating.

The advantages of producing biogas are that it respects the environment by reducing the greenhouse gas, it is also cheaper and less polluting also The rural population in developing countries such as Morocco is heavily dependent on one of the most important type of renewable energy, the biomass for his daily life needs like cooking and heating.

This heavily dependency of the biomass energy which means all the organic materials that of plant origin, animal or fungal origin that can become a source of energy by combustion has several drawbacks on the local environment like deforestation reduction soil fertility and global environment such as the climate change.

In addition to the environmental drawbacks of the direct use of biomass there are also several risks, faced, especially by the women and the children in the collection of biomass and also the health problems essentially due to the fumes generated by the biomass combustion.

To overcome all the different drawbacks and negative impacts in all fields associated with the classical use of biomass energy many research and studies had been conducted all over the world to find a solution to this problem. The domestic biogas system is an opportunity to improve the living conditions of the poorest families, while preserving the environment. Biogas is the gas produced by the fermentation of animal or vegetable organic materials in the absence of oxygen.

Recently, the use of domestic biogas method has been widespread, especially in many African countries such as Mali, Morocco, and Rwanda.

The Moroccan government had lunched and encourages many projects related to biogas in order to find a clean and renewable source of energy in order to satisfy the huge needs in terms of the energy supply. The design of the biogas system should take into consideration the biogas potential of the central Africa region in order to achieve a high efficiency.

The overall aim of this project is divided into 3 major parts: The First part will be dealing with the literature review of the project, including a biogas background, Environmental Performance Index, and also the biogas potential of the central Africa region.

The second part is the part in which we will be dealing with the design of the biogas system including the design of the digester, the pipeline connection related to the digester, the mechanism used to produce the biogas and the maintenance actions that should be performed by the farmers and household use.

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

Energy consumption is a major problem since it can harm our planet and its individuals due to the fumes generated by combustion of biomass.

Reducing the use of fossil fuels with small changes can make a big difference for our planet.

The main purpose of this project is to find a way to use biogas as a heating resource in order to minimize the long term environmental and cost of the currentenergy resource.

The fermentation process can be naturally made in nature in landfills or swamps.

Fortunately, we learnt how to voluntarily provoke it to produce a natural energy resource which is biogas.

According to the (website biogas-renewable-energy), the anaerobic fermentation is a biological process aiming to transform organic matter into methane. It is an anaerobic process made in a neutral and oxygen free environment.

The result of this transformation is the digestate which corresponds to a solid or pasty liquid residue composed of non-degraded organic elements and minerals, and biogas which is a mixture of different gases (Peterson, 2017).

In this project, we are mainly interested in the production of biogas and the process the organic matter goes through and at the end used the biogas for heating processes.

In a context where the environment is at the forefront, biogas can play a major role when it comes to preserving our planet.

In November 2015, COP 21 and COP 22 introduced the subject by inviting world leaders to focus on environmental issues that might be encountered in the future if we do not act immediately.

All countries are mobilizing and striving to find the best way to reduce the use of fossil fuels that are bad for the environment and for our health that is why we have chosen to focus on biogas. The main purpose of this project is to find a way to use biogas as a heating resource in order to minimize the long term environmental and money cost of the current energy resource.

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